11. Sort

Sorting

Java use modified mergesort by java.util.Collections.sort to sort object

• Guarantees O(nlogn) performance and O(n) extra space

• Stable in all kinds of input

Java use quicksort in java.util.Arrays.sort

• Avarage less than O(nlogn), worst case O(n^2)

• Average O(logn) extra space, worst case O(n/2) extra space

• Stable only in primitive type

Reference

Quicksort

private static int partition(int[] arr, int left, int right){
    int pivot = arr[right];
    int i = left; // index small or equal to left

    for (int j = left; j < right; j++){
        if (arr[j] <= pivot){
            // swap
            swap(arr, i ,j);
            i++;
        }
    }

    // swap pivot value and i index value;
    swap(arr, i, right);
    return i;
}

private static void quickSort(int[] arr, int left, int right){
    if (left < right){
        int pi = partition(arr, left, right);
        quickSort(arr, left, pi - 1);
        quickSort(arr, pi + 1, right);
    }
}